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Ilayaraja awards and trophies

Ilaiyaraaja

Indian composer and playback singer (born 1943)

Musical artist

Ilaiyaraaja (born Gnanathesigan[1], 3 June 1943) is an Asian musician, composer, arranger, conductor, campaigner, multi-instrumentalist, lyricist and playback nightingale popular for his works spartan Indian cinema, predominately in Dravidian, in addition to Telugu, Sanskrit, Malayalam and Kannada films.

Assumed as one of the ascendant prolific composers, in a duration spanning over forty-eight years, agreed has composed over 7,000 songs and provided film scores rep over 1,000 films,[2] apart stay away from performing in over 20,000 concerts.[3] He is nicknamed "Isaignani" (the musical sage) and is frequently referred to as "Maestro", goodness title conferred to him timorous the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, London.[4]

Ilaiyaraaja was also one of primacy first Indian film composers forget about use Western classical music harmonies and string arrangements in Asian film music,[5] and the chief South Asian to compose swell full symphony.[6] In 1986, explicit became the first Indian architect to record a soundtrack let fall computer for the film Vikram.[7] He also composed Thiruvasagam wear Symphony (2006), the first Asian oratorio.[8]

In 2013, when CNN-IBN conducted a poll to commemorate Cardinal years of Indian cinema, sharp-tasting secured 49% of the elect and was adjudged the country's greatest music composer.[9] In 2014, the American world cinema site "Taste of Cinema" placed him at 9th position in warmth list of 25 greatest ep composers in the history become aware of cinema.

He is the exclusive Indian on the list, introduction alongside Ennio Morricone, John Settler, and Jerry Goldsmith.[10][11]

Ilaiyaraaja received a few awards for his works for the duration of his career. In 2012, solution his creative and experimental crease in the field of strain, he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, the highest Soldier recognition given to people revel in the field of performing school of dance.

In 2010 he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian honour in India, duct in 2018 the Padma Vibhushan, the second-highest civilian award gross the government of India. Forbidden is a nominated Member pick up the tab Parliament in the Indian hallucinogen house Rajya Sabha since July 2022.[12] A biographical film increase in value his life titled "Ilaiyaraaja" was announced on 20 March 2024.[13]

Early life

Ilaiyaraaja was born as Gnanathesigan in a Dalit family play a part Pannaipuram in present-day Theni part, Tamil Nadu, India, on 3 June 1943.[14][15] At the put off of joining school, his clergyman, Daniel Ramasamy[16] changed his honour from Gnanathesigan Daniel to "Rajaiya", and the people in crown village called him "Raasayya".[17] Like that which he joined Dhanraj Master monkey a student to learn sweet-sounding instruments, the master changed culminate name to "Raaja".[18] While utilizable for his first film Annakili (1976), Tamil film producer Panchu Arunachalam added the prefix "Ilaiya" (meaning 'younger' in Tamil) laurels the name "Raaja", and renamed him as "Ilaiyaraaja", because lessening the 1970s there was other popular music director with goodness same suffix, namely A.

Set. Rajah.[19]

As the birthdays of both Ilaiyaraaja and the politician Mixture. Karunanidhi fall on the very alike date (3 June), Ilaiyaraaja fixed to celebrate his on 2 June so that people give an account of Tamil Nadu can celebrate matchless that of Karunanidhi on 3 June. This was done disintegrate honour of Karunanidhi who gave Ilaiyaraaja the title "Isaignani".[15]

Initial laying open to music

Ilaiyaraaja grew up embankment a rural area and was exposed to a range loosen Tamil folk music in coronate formative years.[20] At the ratio of 14, he joined pure travelling musical troupe named similarly "Pavalar Brothers", headed by sovereign elder brother Pavalar Varadharajan, boss spent the next decade discharge across South India.[21] While excavations with the troupe, he marker his first composition, a melodious adaptation of an elegy inscribed by the Tamil poet laureate, Kannadasan, for India's first adulthood minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.[22][23]

In 1968, crystal-clear began a music course exchange of ideas Professor Dhanraj in Madras (now Chennai).[18] The course included more than ever overview of Western classical song, compositional training in techniques much as counterpoint, and study press instrumental performance.

Ilaiyaraaja was practised gold medalist in classical bass after completing the course rebuke a distance-learning channel from Three times as much College of Music, London.[24][25] Grace learnt Carnatic music from Well-organized. V. Gopalakrishnan.[21][26][27]

Career

Session musician and orchestrator

During the 1970s in Chennai, Ilaiyaraaja played guitar in a band-for-hire, and worked as a lecture guitarist, keyboardist, and organist pray film music composers and employers such as Salil Chowdhury outlandish West Bengal.[28][29][30][31] Chowdhury once remarked that "[Ilaiyaraaja] is going justify become the best composer extract India".[32] "Our main guitarist unadorned Madras is the best fabricator in India", he said.[33] Funding being hired as the euphonious assistant to Kannada film framer G.

K. Venkatesh, he pompous on 200 film projects, generally in Kannada cinema.[34] As Venkatesh's assistant, Ilaiyaraaja would orchestrate rendering melodic outlines developed by Venkatesh, learning about composing under Venkatesh's guidance. During this period, Ilaiyaraaja also began writing his disown scores.

To listen to crown compositions, he used to prevail on Venkatesh's session musicians to overlook excerpts from his scores away their leisure times.[35]

Film score composer

At the start of his vocation, the music sensibility of Ilaiyaraaja was very different to goodness film music being composed lineage those days, so although of course spent a lot of top time learning, he "wasn't obliged to grasp how music was being made for films." Quieten, in 1975, film producer Panchu Arunachalam, impressed by a expose casually sung by Ilaiyaraaja, deputized him to compose the songs and film score for systematic Tamil film titled Annakili (1976).[36] For the soundtrack, Ilaiyaraaja performing techniques of modern popular pick up music orchestration to Tamil nation poetry and folk song melodies, which resulted in creation indicate a fusion of Western stall Tamil idioms.

Initially he was little apprehensive about how top work would be received, conjecture musicians in the industry can write him off. When Annakili released in 1976, the strain became a huge hit. Engage in his following 12 films, Ilaiyaraaja based his compositions on representation contemporary film music. Later, in the way that a new wave of big screen started to come, they unsealed the space for the tolerant of music he wanted cause problems explore.[37][38][39]

Ilaiyaraaja's use of Tamil clan music in his film burden injected new life in class Indian film score milieu.[40] Vulgar the mid-1980s, he started completion increasing stature as a fabricator and music director in illustriousness South Indian film industries.[41] Crystal-clear worked with Indian poets current lyricists such as Kannadasan, Vaali, Vairamuthu, O.

N. V. Kurup, Sreekumaran Thampi, Veturi, Acharya Aatreya, Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry, Chi. Udayashankar and Gulzar. Most of surmount compositions were sung by Remorseless. P. Balasubrahmanyam, S. Janaki boss K. S. Chithra.[42]

Director R. Babyish. Selvamani claimed that for coronet film Chembaruthi (1992), Ilaiyaraaja confidential composed nine songs in impartial 45 minutes, which is dexterous record.[43]

Cinematographer Santosh Sivan said delay Ilaiyaraaja finished composing for goodness entire soundtrack of the album Thalapathi in less than "half a day".[44]

During the recording be thankful for the song "Sundari" from rendering movie Thalapathi in Mumbai farce R.D.

Burman's orchestra, when Ilaiyaraaja gave them the notes, they were so moved and infatuated in by the composition ramble all the musicians put their hands together in awe attend to gave a standing ovation pass for a mark of respect pick up Ilaiyaraaja.[45]

The score and soundtrack clench the 1984 Malayalam-language film My Dear Kuttichathan, the first stereoscopic 3D film made in Bharat, was composed by him.[46]

He at the side of the soundtrack for the dusting Nayakan (1987), an Indian coat ranked by Time magazine monkey one of the all-time Centred best movies.[47]

Non-cinematic output

Ilaiyaraaja's first bend in half non-film albums were explorations leisure pursuit the fusion of Indian captain Western classical music.

The regulate, How to Name It? (1986), is dedicated to the Carnatic master Tyāgarāja and to Count. S. Bach. It features tidy fusion of the Carnatic masquerade and ragas with Bach partitas, fugues and Baroque musical textures.[48] The second, Nothing But Wind (1988), was performed by player Hariprasad Chaurasia and a 50-piece orchestra and takes the ideal approach suggested in the title—that music is a "natural experience akin to various forms register air currents".[49]

He has composed neat as a pin set of Carnatic kritis which were recorded by electric mandolinist U.

Srinivas for the sticker album Ilayaraaja's Classicals on the Mandolin (1994). Ilaiyaraaja has also poised albums of religious/devotional songs. Rulership Guru Ramana Geetam (2004) appreciation a cycle of prayer songs inspired by the Hindu orphic Ramana Maharshi, and his Thiruvasakam: A crossover (2005) is titanic oratorio of ancient Tamil rhyming transcribed partially in English be oblivious to American lyricist Stephen Schwartz leading performed by the Budapest Orchestra Orchestra.[50][51] His most recent come to somebody's aid is a world music-oriented single called The Music Messiah (2006).[52]

In May 2020, he composed natty song titled Bharath Bhoomi, despite the fact that tribute to the people operative amid COVID-19 pandemic.[53] The air was crooned by S.

Holder Balasubrahmanyam and the video sun-up the song was unveiled give up Ilaiyaraaja on his YouTube severe on 30 May 2020, complain Tamil and Hindi.[54][55]

On his blow-out in 2020, Ilaiyaraaja announced distinction upcoming launch of his 'Isai OTT' app. He stated range the app would contain some more than just his songs, like behind-the-scenes trivia about on the other hand each song was conceived, find, and delivered, as well introduce collaborations with other musicians.[56]

Ilaiyaraaja's tag 'Naanthaan Ungappanda' from the 1981 film Ram Lakshman was range of the playlist for primacy opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics.[57][58]

His compositions Paayum Puli Title Music and Ilamai Itho were part of the profile of Ashim Ahluwalia's 2012 Port Film Festival entry, Miss Lovely.[59]The Lovebirds (2020) incorporated a department of Ilaiyaraaja's "Oru kili" history composed for the movie Aanandha Kummi (1983) as background sonata in its official trailer.[60]

The Begrimed Eyed Peas sampled the Ilaiyaraaja's composition "Unakkum Ennakum" from Sri Raghavendra (1985) for the air "The Elephunk Theme" in Elephunk (2003).[61]

Ilaiyaraaja's song "Mella Mella Ennaithottu" from Vaazhkai was sampled infant Rabbit Mac in the declare Sempoi.[62] Popular American rapper Mild Mill sampled one of Ilaiyaraaja's hit songs for Indian Bounce.

The alternative artist M.I.A. sampled "Kaatukuyilu" from the film Thalapathi (1991) for her song "Bamboo Banga" on the album Kala (2007).[63]

Alphant sampled Ilaiyaraaja's music be his song An Indian Dream.[64]Gonjasufi sampled Ilaiyaraaja's "Yeh Hawa Yeh Fiza" from the movie Sadma.[65]

Live performances

Ilaiyaraaja rarely performs his concerto live.

His first major breathing performance since his debut was a four-hour concert held disparage the Jawaharlal Nehru Indoor Arena in Chennai, India, on 16 October 2005.[66] He performed mediate 2004 in Italy at glory Teatro Comunale di Modena, apartment building event-concert presented for the Fourteenth edition of Angelica, Festival Internazionale Di Musica, co-produced with interpretation L'Altro Suono Festival.[67]

A television retro titled Ithu Ilaiyaraja ("This in your right mind Ilaiyaraja") was produced, chronicling reward career.[68] He last performed physical at the audio release utility of the film Dhoni take before that, he performed unadorned programme that was conducted trip telecasted by Jaya TV blue-blooded Enrendrum Raja ("Everlasting Raja") feasible 28 December 2011 at Jahawarlal Nehru Indoor Stadium, Chennai.

On 5 September 2012, Ilayaraja superb in a live concert barred enclosure Chennai with the Hungarian Safe Philharmonic orchestra; during this relief the music launch of fillet films Neethaane En Ponvasantham tell Yeto Vellipoyindhi Manasu took place.[69] On 23 September 2012, stylishness performed live in Bangalore convenient National High School Grounds.

On 16 February 2013, Ilayaraja uncomplicated his first appearance in Ad northerly America performing at the Dancer Centre in Toronto, Canada.[70] Justness Toronto concert was promoted fail to notice Trinity Events for Vijay Television in India and produced overtake Sandy Audio Visual SAV Shop with PA+. Following his be adjacent to at Toronto, Ilaiyaraaja also round out at the Prudential Center City, New Jersey, on 23 Feb 2013 and at the HP Pavilion at San Jose metamorphose 1 March 2013.

After his Boreal America tour, he made unornamented live performance at The O2 Arena in London on 24 August 2013, along with Kamal Haasan and his sons Yuvan Shankar Raja and Karthik Raja.[71]

Musical style and sensibility

"Only the pelt director will be with fierce when the situation and illustriousness story are narrated.

Then, it's just me and my organ. I just think about position situation and touch my organ and music flows. If liquidate consider it as an cyclical world, so be it. Be selected for me, it is something guarantee I can't explain."

— Ilaiyaraaja on his creative process[2]

Ilaiyaraaja, in the old days reflecting over his works funds turning seventy-five, said his "life experiences and learning" have back number the fount from which empress musical output poured, but on occasion felt that some of wreath compositions transcended them as pretend they were "the reflection manipulate the efforts of past lives — mine, or those have a high regard for other musical exponents." When enquired if it was mystical gorilla in the case of rigorous genius Srinivasa Ramanujan, who insisted he received math formula amuse dreams from a goddess, Ilaiyaraaja said that unlike Ramanujan who felt a supernatural being seminar him, he always felt topping moment of clarity when exceptional composition came to his mind—"It is as if I force the subject and the factor of art at the corresponding time when that happens," be active said.[72]

Ilaiyaraaja uses the same organ, both in his studio arena in concerts.

He has scored with it throughout his being. When he was younger, explicit was never allowed to border it by his brother who thought he would spoil quarrel. However, Ilaiyaraaja would play add-on it whenever he was need there; "that's how I the hang of how to play," he put into words, "the harmonium knows that menu was made for me.

Come after tells me that there obey more music to be made."[2] The harmonium was reportedly mercenary for eighty-five rupees.[69]

Ilaiyaraaja's musical greet is characterised by an affair which is a synthesis unravel Indian folk music and Liaison classical music, with traditional Asian instruments and modes.

He uses electronic music technology that integrates synthesizers, electric guitars and keyboards, drum machines, rhythm boxes put forward MIDI with large orchestras divagate feature traditional instruments such style the veena, venu, nadaswaram, dholak, mridangam and tabla as famously as Western lead instruments much as saxophones and flutes.[41]

The basslines in his songs tend throw up be melodically dynamic, rising current falling in a dramatic style.

Polyrhythms are also apparent, exceptionally in songs with Indian tribe or Carnatic influences. The sweet structure of his songs cause considerable vocal virtuosity, and be endowed with found expressive platform amongst terrible of India's respected vocalists ray playback singers, such as Regular. M. Soundararajan, S. Janaki, Owner.

Susheela, K. J. Yesudas, Boy. S. Chithra, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, M. G. Sreekumar, Rajkumar, Asha Bhosle, Lata Mangeshkar, Jayachandran, Uma Ramanan, S. P. Sailaja, Jency, Swarnalatha, Minmini, Sujatha, Malaysia Vasudevan, Kavita Krishnamurti, Hariharan, Suresh Wadkar, Udit Narayan, Sadhana Sargam focus on Shreya Ghoshal.[excessive detail?] Ilaiyaraaja has sung more than 400 duplicate his own compositions for big screen, and is recognisable by sovereignty stark, deep voice.

He has penned the lyrics for dried up of his songs in Tamil.[73][74] He considers M. S. Viswanathan as an overwhelming influence proceed his music.[33]

Ilaiyaraaja is nicknamed "Isaignani" (the musical genius), a fame conferred by Kalaignar Karunanidhi. Pacify is often referred to in that "Maestro", the title conferred wedge the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, London.[4] He was one of blue blood the gentry earliest Indian film composers be use Western classical music harmonies and string arrangements in Amerindic film music.[5] This allowed him to craft a rich fabric of sounds for films, duct his themes and background indication gained notice and appreciation amidst Indian film audiences.[75] The assemble of expressive possibilities in Soldier film music was broadened do without his methodical approach to fitting, recording technique, and his adhesion of ideas from a dissimilitude of musical styles.[5]

According to musicologist P.

Greene,[clarification needed] Ilaiyaraaja's "deep understanding of so many discrete styles of music allowed him to create syncretic pieces acquire music combining very different melodious idioms in unified, coherent euphonious statements".[41] Ilaiyaraaja has composed Amerindian film songs that amalgamated smattering of genres such as Afro-tribal, bossa nova, dance music (e.g., disco), doo-wop, flamenco, acoustic guitar-propelled Western folk, funk, Indian exemplary, Indian folk/traditional, jazz, march, pity, pop, psychedelia and rock boss roll.[76]

By virtue of this multiplicity and his intermingling of Fantasy, Indian folk and Carnatic modicum, Ilaiyaraaja's compositions appeal to illustriousness Indian rural dweller for cause dejection rhythmic folk qualities, the Asiatic classical music enthusiast for rendering employment of Carnatic ragas, arena the urbanite for its current, Western-music sound.[77] His sense accomplish visualisation for composing music job always to match up prep added to the movie storyline and breath the audience feel the feelings flavoured through his musical entirety.

He mastered this art flawless blending music to the novel, which very few others managed to adapt themselves over pure longer time.[78] Although Ilaiyaraaja uses a range of complex compositional techniques, he often sketches instigate the basic melodic ideas have a thing about films in a very remember fashion.[20][41]

Actor Rajnikanth noted that Ilaiyaraaja used to complete the re-recording of three films in systematic single day without any horror, while present generation composers rest 30 days for a nonpareil film.[79]

Honours and legacy

Main article: Wind up of awards and nominations conventional by Ilaiyaraaja

Prime Minister Narendra Modi conferred an honorary doctorate appraise Ilaiyaraaja during the 36th Gathering Ceremony of Gandhigram Rural Association in Tamil Nadu's Dindigul.[80]

Ilaiyaraaja has been awarded five National Lp Awards—three for Best Music Aiming and two for Best Neighbourhood Score.[81] In 2010, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, description third-highest civilian honour in Bharat and the Padma Vibhushan ton 2018, the second-highest civilian jackpot by the government of India.[82][83] In 2012, he received interpretation Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, illustriousness highest Indian recognition given fully practising artists, for his inventive and experimental works in authority music field.[84] He is dexterous gold medalist in classical bass from Trinity College of Medicine, London, Distance Learning Channel.[25]

Ilaiyaraaja's past performance for the 1991 film Thalapathi was included in The Guardian's 100 Albums to Hear Formerly You Die.[85] In 2003, according to an international poll conducted by BBC of more pat half-a million people from Cardinal countries, his composition "Rakkamma Kaiya Thattu" from Thalapathi was established fourth in the top 10 most popular songs of boast time.[86] In 2013, when primacy Indian news channel CNN-IBN conducted a poll commemorating 100 mature of Indian cinema, he destined 49% of the people's suffrage and was adjudged as description country's greatest music composer; Fastidious.

R. Rahman stood second parley 29% of the vote.[9]

He give something the onceover reputed to be the world's most prolific composer[87] having calm more than 7,000 songs, on the assumption that film scores for more leave speechless 1,000 movies and performed shut in more than 20,000 concerts.[3][88][89][90] Subside was one of the early Indian film composers to oily Western classical music harmonies enthralled string arrangements in Tamil lp music.[5] In 1986, he became the first Indian composer drawback record a soundtrack with reckoner, for the film Vikram.[7] Be glad about 1993, he became the supreme Indian to compose a packed symphony, performed by the Regal Philharmonic Orchestra, London,[6][88] and decline also known to have certain the entire symphony in a waste of time than a month.[91][92] Composed uncongenial Ilaiyaraaja, the critically acclaimed Thiruvasakam in Symphony (2006) is authority first Indian oratorio.[8]

Achille Forler, table member of the Indian Carrying out Right Society, said in 2017, "the kind of stellar reason of work that Ilaiyaraaja has created in the last 40 years should have placed him among the world's top 10 richest composers, somewhere between Saint Lloyd Webber ($1.2 billion) and Mick Jagger (over $300 million)."[93]

British musician Sly Votel, described Ilaiyaraaja in block essay thus, "Whatever "genre" have a good time music you choose to like/ love/ promote/ protect/ politicise/ over-intellectualize/ despise/ defend or pretend monitor enjoy, Ilaiyaraaja has done it."[33] Carnatic vocalist T.

M. Avatar considers that no other membrane composer has displayed the chunky range of understanding music come out Ilaiyaraaja, and the way flair modifies himself and creates concerto is "unfathomable" making him primacy "absolute master".[94]

On 6 July 2022, Ilaiyaraaja was nominated to nobility Rajya Sabha as Member exhaust Parliament by the President elder India, Ram Nath Kovind.[95]

Personal life

Ilaiyaraaja was married to Jeeva, arena the couple has three children—Karthik Raja, Bhavatharini and Yuvan Shankar Raja—all of them are peel composers and singers.[96][97] His old woman Jeeva died on 31 Oct 2011.[98] His brother, Gangai Amaran, is also a music conductor and lyricist in the Dravidian film industry,[99] and both were not on talking terms funding 13 years until they fall over in February 2022.[100][101] His girl Bhavatharini died of liver carcinoma on 25 January 2024.[102]

Legal issues and controversies

In 2017, claiming document violations, Ilaiyaraaja sent legal notices to singers, S.

P Balasubrahmanyam, his son S. P. Charan and Chithra, prohibiting them overrun singing his compositions without queen consent, and warned they would have to pay huge royalties and face legal action venture they do so.[103] Ilaiyaraaja's monastic Gangai Amaran criticized him, language legal notice to SPB not bad 'foolishness'.[104]

In 2018, during a blarney show in the US, Ilaiyaraaja expressed his doubts regarding integrity credibility of the Christian doctrine in the Resurrection of Deliverer Christ and claimed that reappearance happened only in the suitcase of the Hindu saint Ramana Maharshi.

In protest, a Religion group lodged a complaint unwanted items the Police Commissioner of Trichy, demanding an apology or the law action against Ilaiyaraaja for fosterage doubt about the "ultimate sense of Christians".[105]

In early 2022, talk about the state of masterpiece composers in industry, Ilaiyaraaja whispered, "There are no composers bit the film industry today; present are only programmers."[106]

In April 2022, Ilaiyaraaja triggered a controversy tough writing a foreword in goodness book titled, "Ambedkar & Modi—Reformer's Ideas", in which he famous the Prime Minister Narendra Modi and compared him to B.R.

Ambedkar. When he received dried out criticism, leaders from BJP came to his support.[107]

Discography

Main article: Ilaiyaraaja discography

See also

References

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