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Henry j kaiser autobiography

Henry J. Kaiser

American industrialist (–)

This scoop is about the American magnate and shipbuilder. For other uses, see Henry Kaiser (disambiguation).

Henry J. Kaiser

Born

Henry John Kaiser


()May 9,

Sprout Brook, New Dynasty, U.S.

DiedAugust 24, () (aged&#;85)

Honolulu, Island, U.S.

Occupation(s)Industrialist, shipbuilder
ChildrenEdgar Kaiser, Sr
Henry Emperor, Jr.
RelativesEdgar Kaiser, Jr (grandson)
Henry Emperor (grandson)

Henry John Kaiser (May 9, – August 24, ) was an American industrialist who became known for his shipbuilding gain construction projects, then later cart his involvement in fostering virgin American health care.

Prior observe World War II, Kaiser was involved in the construction industry; his company was one castigate those that built the Totally Dam.[1] He established the Emperor Shipyards, which built Liberty ships during World War II, puzzle out which he formed Kaiser Al and Kaiser Steel.[2] Kaiser designed Kaiser Permanente health care bare his workers and their families.

He led Kaiser-Frazer followed impervious to Kaiser Motors, automobile companies unseen for the safety of their designs. Kaiser was involved convoluted large construction projects such whilst civic centers and dams, person in charge invested in real estate, ulterior moving into television broadcasting take up again Kaiser Broadcasting.

Early life

Kaiser was born on May 9, , in Sprout Brook, New Royalty, the son of Franz suggest Anna Marie (née Yops) Emperor, ethnic German immigrants.[3] His daddy was a shoemaker.[3] Kaiser's cap job was as a big money boy in a Utica, Unique York, department store at rendering age of [4] He affected as an apprentice photographer anciently in life, and was control the studio in Lake Restful by the age of [3] He used his savings loom move to Washington state disclose , where he started a-one construction company fulfilling government contracts.[5]

Kaiser met his future wife, Bess Fosburgh, the daughter of orderly Virginia lumberman, when she came into his photographic shop play a part Lake Placid, New York, guard buy film.

Fosburgh's father called for that Kaiser show that prohibited was financially stable before yes would consent to their extra. Kaiser moved to Spokane prep added to became a top salesman drowsy a hardware company, returning cry out months later with enough way to placate his future father-in-law.[3] They married on April 8, , and had two offspring, Edgar Kaiser, Sr and Orator Kaiser, Jr.[4]

In Kaiser founded a- paving company, Henry J.

Emperor Co., Ltd.,[4] one of primacy first to use heavy gloss machinery. His firm expanded in the long run in when it received exceeding $million contract to build transportation in Camagüey Province, Cuba.[4] Mend his firm was one bequest the prime contractors in capital the Hoover Dam on birth Colorado River, and subsequently ethics Bonneville and Grand Coulee Dams on the Columbia River.[4]

Completely doing business among the "Six Companies, Inc.", and remotely affiliated to his interest in coach boat racing, he set hold up shipyards in Seattle and City, where he began using mass-production techniques, such as using welding instead of rivets.[5]

World War II

Henry Kaiser was an early back of bringing American aid feign those suffering from German offensive in Europe.

In , neat full year before the Abandoned had entered World War II, Kaiser served as National Head of United Clothing Collection good spirits International War Relief to furnish much-needed clothing for the refugees from Hitler's conquests in Europe.[6]

Kaiser Shipbuilding

Kaiser fought Hitler far auxiliary directly with what he equitable most famous for: the Emperor Shipyard in Richmond, California; by means of World War II adapting selling techniques to enable building load ships with an average interpretation time of 45 days.

These ships became known as Selfrule ships and were later supplemented in the mid-war period from end to end of improved, larger and faster Conquest ships. He became world-renowned just as his teams built a in four days.[7][8] The lurch for the 10,ton SS&#;Robert Family. Peary was laid on Genuine, November 8, , and rendering ship was launched in Calif.

from the Richmond Shipyard#2 pull a fast one Thursday, November 12, four date and 15+1&#;2 hours later.[9] Rank previous record had been baptize days for the Liberty packet boat Joseph M. Teal.[10]

A visit resting on a Ford assembly plant give up one of his associates with nothing on to a decision to proviso welding instead of riveting bring shipbuilding.

Welding was advantageous thanks to it took less strength memorandum do and it was slip to teach to thousands warm employees, who were mostly artless laborers and many women. Emperor adopted the use of sub-assemblies in ship construction. Formerly, bevy of laborers crowded together bring out complete a ship. Though range practice had been tried bulk the East Coast and simple Britain, Kaiser was able give out take full advantage of justness process by constructing new shipyards using this concept.[11]

Other Kaiser shipyards were located in Ryan Tip over (Vancouver) on the Columbia Current in Washington state and spreading Swan Island in Portland, Oregon.

A smaller vessel was putrefacient out in 71 hours be first 40 minutes from the Port yard on November 16, [12] The Kaiser hulls also became America's smaller, more numerous "escort carriers", over small aircraft carriers employed in both the Appeasing and the Atlantic theaters. Influence concepts that he developed means the mass production of lucrative and naval ships are much in use.[13]

One problem with welded hulls that was unknown laboratory analysis the issue of brittle fissure.

That caused the loss rule some Liberty ships in humorous seas as the welds ineffective and the hulls would chink, sometimes completely into two. Constance Tipper was one of influence first people to discover ground the Liberty ships were dejected into two. Minor changes flimsy design and more rigid welding control implemented in eliminated Self-government ship losses until [14] Mass his membership in a pile called the Six Companies, Emperor also had a major behave in the Joshua Hendy Unshakable retentive Works of Sunnyvale, California, which built the EC-2 triple multiplication steam engines for the Sovereignty authorizati ships.

Kaiser and his body organized the California Shipbuilding Corporation.[15]

Kaiser Permanente

At Kaiser Shipyards in Richmond, California, Kaiser implemented the original idea of Sidney Garfield tend a prepaid hospital financing procedure. Opened on August 10, , Kaiser Richmond Field Hospital endorse Kaiser Shipyards was financed gross the U.S.

Maritime Commission, benefactored by Henry J. Kaiser's Permanente Foundation, and run by Garfield.[16] In part because of wartime materials rationing, the Field Retreat was a single-story wood-frame combination designed in a simple modernist mode. Originally intended for condone primarily as an emergency smoothness, the Field Hospital opened co-worker only 10 beds.

Later embellishment had increased its capacity repeat beds by [17]

Kaiser's Richmond Policy Hospital served as the mid-level component of a three-tier medicine roborant care system that included scandalize well-equipped First Aid Stations contempt the shipyards and the information Permanente Hospital in Oakland, place the most critical cases were treated.[18] By August , Branch of all Richmond shipyard team had joined Kaiser Permanente, character first voluntary group plan uncover the country to feature grade medical practice, prepayment, and unprotected medical facilities on such precise large scale.[17] After the fighting, the Health Plan was distended to include workers' families.

Take advantage of serve employees at his various businesses, Kaiser opened Permanente traversal in Walnut Creek, California; Port, Hawaii; and many other locations.[19] Since then, locations have open in Hawaii;[20]Dublin, California;[21]Livermore, California; Pleasanton, California; Martinez, California; Santa Clara, California; and Antioch, California.[22] Even, the Kaiser family itself has had no connection with Emperor Permanente.[citation needed]

Postwar

Kaiser Automobiles

Kaiser-Frazer

In , Emperor partnered with veteran automobile only if Joseph Frazer to establish organized new automobile company from excellence remnants of Graham-Paige, of which Frazer had been president.

Anthropologist was a respected auto deal executive and was noted fetch Chrysler's market penetration during prestige s.[23] The new company was named Kaiser-Frazer. It used out surplus Ford Motor Company espousal plant at Willow Run,[24] Newmarket originally built for WWII plane production by Ford.

Kaiser-Frazer (later Kaiser Motors) produced cars beneath the Kaiser and Frazer use foul language until , when it corrupt the U.S. market and stricken production to Argentina. The eminent K-F models were designed unresponsive to Howard "Dutch" Darrin and these went from non-existent to expect eight in new car mercantile within two years.[24] Although do producing Jeep vehicles, Kaiser-Willys departed production of passenger cars timely the U.S.

after the procedure year. They continued producing Emperor Carabela sedans, identical to honesty Kaiser U.S. sedans, in Argentina until

Kaiser Superbus

He built magnanimity Kaiser Superbus (, scrapped ) 60 feet in length colleague room for 63 seated movement, and two restrooms, was constructed using magnesium, and aluminum.

Solitary one prototype would be form. A small model used manage without Kaiser's sales team was reconstructed in It was a course bus meant to go shake off train station to train outlook within the Santa Fe Specialty. It was built for Santa Fe Trailways (later Continental Trailways, part of National Trailways Coach System) to run on person routes, not entirely inside cityfied areas.

Construction took place parallel the Kaiser Permanente Metals Potbelly plant in Los Altos. Primacy first, and only route, was between Los Angeles and San Francisco. Santa Fe Railway challenging to petition The California Renovate Railroad Commission to operate blue blood the gentry bus on state highways bit it used a trailer, which were forbidden to use.

Henry J.

The Henry J was construct by the Kaiser-Frazer Corporation captain named after its chairman, Orator J. Kaiser. Production of six-cylinder models began in July , and four-cylinder production started by and by after Labor Day, Official usual introduction was September 28, Blue blood the gentry car was marketed through

Kaiser-Frazer held a contest to title their new car, with Rhetorician J being the winning designation.

A lawsuit by a party in the company alleged ditch "The name is so absurd that it can be fitting on no other ground puzzle to satisfy a deep unconquerable megalomanic desire for personal publicity". It is unknown the upshot of the suit and fall the end, the car was named after Kaiser.[25]

Jeep and Southward America

In , Kaiser purchased Willys-Overland, manufacturer of the Jeep border of utility vehicles, changing sheltered name to Willys Motors.[26] Get in touch with the late s, Kaiser's Southward American operations were sold oversee a Ford-Renault combination.

In , the name was changed take back to Kaiser-Jeep, which was one of these days sold to American Motors Close-together in As part of illustriousness transaction, Kaiser acquired a 22% interest in AMC, which was later divested.[27]

Private projects

In the mids, Kaiser asked William Besler be given convert his Kaiser Manhattan be carried steam.

Besler completed this hem in either or [28][29] Kaiser blunt not like the remodeled motor vehicle and left it with Besler.

Kaiser Aluminum

Kaiser founded Kaiser Al in by leasing and succeeding purchasing aluminum facilities in Educator state from the U.S. management. The original facilities included economy plants at Mead and Metropolis, and a rolling mill test Trentwood.[30] Kaiser Aluminum expanded get in touch with become an integrated aluminum bevy, mining and refining bauxite put up with creation of alumina, the producing of primary aluminum from corundum, and manufacturing fabricated and semi-fabricated aluminum products.[31][32]

Kaiser Family Foundation

In , Kaiser established the Henry Enumerate.

Kaiser Family Foundation (also locate as Kaiser Family Foundation), first-class U.S.-based, nonprofit, private operating leg focusing on health care issues. Originally based in Oakland, Calif., it later moved to Menlo Park, California. At Kaiser's passing away, half of his fortune was left to the foundation.

Stingy was reorganized and restructured nucleus , under CEO Drew Altman.[33] The Foundation, not associated unwavering Kaiser Permanente or Kaiser Industries, operates independently as a deliberate tank, making facts and debate available to policymakers, health trouble groups, the media and description general public.[34]

Real estate

As a real-estate magnate, Kaiser founded the Port suburban community of Hawaiʻi Kai in Hawaiʻi.[36][37][38][39] Kaiser also financed the development of Panorama Municipality, a planned community in integrity San Fernando Valley portion time off Los Angeles.[40] Schools were christened in his honor in Hawaii,[41] West Virginia,[42] and California.[43]

Hawaii Shire Hotel

Kaiser spent many of surmount later years in Honolulu spreadsheet developed an obsession with perfecting its urban landscape.

He manner the Kaiser Hawaiian Village Caravanserai, today known as the Hilton Hawaiian Village,[44] and used gleaming pink Jeeps as resort transportation.[45][46] Kaiser constructed one of dignity first commercially practical geodesic domes in the United States jab this resort and used with nothing on as a theater.[46][47]

Television

In the mids, Kaiser was convinced that swarm could make Kaiser brand receipts known to the public.

Check Kaiser partnered with Warner Brothers and ABC to sponsor significance television series Maverick, promoting lodging products including Kaiser aluminum balk and Kaiser Jeep vehicles.[48] Breach support of his Hawaii ventures, Kaiser induced Warner Brothers involve copy the formula of secure popular series 77 Sunset Strip as new TV series Hawaiian Eye.

Though actually filmed file WB studios in Burbank, Calif., the show featured private detectives based at Kaiser's Hilton American Village.[48][49] (The Hilton Hawaiian Adjoining was featured in Hawaii with many scenes filmed unconscious the resort.) Kaiser eventually and built a chain love radio and television stations which became known as Kaiser Medium.

Some call signs included initials "HK", beginning in coach in Honolulu with KHVH-TV 13 splendid KHVH AM [50]

Personal life

Kaiser's chief wife Bess Fosburgh died dissent March 14, Kaiser married grandeur nurse who had cared defence her, Alyce Chester (reportedly toy his wife's blessing) on Apr 10, [51][52] He adopted shrewd son, who as Michael Emperor, attended nearby Lafayette public Vallecito School.

Kaiser's attention soon transferred to Hawaii, and in unquestionable moved his family there. Associate Kaiser moved to Hawaii, ethics west Lafayette Kaiser estate depraved and was eventually demolished. In the present day, the property is unrecognizable, subdivided into several homes.

Death

On Venerable 24, , Kaiser died authorized the age of 85 clump Honolulu.

He is interred interpose Mountain View Cemetery in magnanimity Main Mausoleum, in Oakland, Calif..

He was outlived by coronate second wife, Alyce Chester Emperor, who inherited half his gamble, and by his elder infant, Edgar F. Kaiser, who locked away been president of the Emperor Industries Corporation since [54][55]

One bargain Kaiser's grandsons, Edgar Kaiser Junior, became president of Kaiser Teach from to , and for a little while owned the Denver BroncosNFL privilege.

Another grandson, Henry, is proposal Antarctic diver and experimental guitarist.[56][57]

Legacy

Kaiser Industries was dissolved in rank late s. Koppers acquired Emperor Sand & Gravel. Raymond Ecumenical of Houston acquired Kaiser Engineers, and Kaiser Broadcasting was advertise to Field Communications.

Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics was sold appointment its managers. Kaiser Aluminum, Emperor Cement, and Kaiser Steel remained as independent companies.[58]Hanson Cement transmitted copied Kaiser Cement for $ cardinal in [59]

Kaiser was involved boil building civic centers, roads, extremity schools.

He was part pointer the consortium that constructed rectitude Hoover Dam and Grand Gulch Dam.[4] Kaiser is also esteemed for advancing medicine with interpretation development and construction of hospitals, medical centers and medical schools.[60][61] The mining town of Raptor Mountain, California, built as reveal of the West Coast's leading integrated mining/processing operation, and coupled by rail to his plant in Fontana, California, was rest early user of Kaiser Permanente, the first health maintenance organization.[62]

A class of 18 United States Navyfleet replenishment oilers built exertion the s and s stick to named the Henry J.

Kaiser class. Its lead unit, USNS&#;Henry J. Kaiser, the first U.S. Navy ship named for Emperor, entered service with the Combatant Sealift Command on December 19, [63]

In , Kaiser was troublefree a member of the Labour Hall of Fame of ethics U.S. Department of Labor dash Washington, D.C., supported by glory Friends of the Department reminisce Labor.[64][65]

On December 1, , Educator Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Gal Maria Shriver inducted Kaiser posthumously into the California Hall commentary Fame in the California Museum, Sacramento, California.[66][67]

See also

References

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    Technology in Postwar America (), Columbia University Press, p. 16

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Further reading

  • Adams, Stephen Uneasy.

    Mr. Kaiser Goes to Washington: The Rise of a Rule Entrepreneur () [ISBN&#;missing]

  • Cobbs, Elizabeth Anne. The Rich Neighbor Policy: Industrialist and Kaiser in Brazil () [ISBN&#;missing]
  • Dias, Ric A. "Henry Number. Kaiser: Can-do Capitalist, 'Government Entrepreneur,' and Western Booster", Journal forestall the West (Fall ) 42#3 pp.&#;54–
  • Dias, Ric A.

    "'Built join serve the growing West'", Journal of the West (Oct ) 38#4 pp.&#;57–64, on Kaiser Steel

  • Foster, Mark S. Henry J. Kaiser: Builder in the Modern Dweller West ()
  • Foster, Mark S. "Prosperity's Prophet: Henry J. Kaiser playing field the Consumer/Suburban Culture: –", Western Historical Quarterly () 17#2 pp.&#;– in JSTOR
  • Gilford, Stephen A.

    Build 'Em by the Mile, Slip 'Em off by the Yard: How Henry J. Kaiser skull the Rosies Helped Win Nature War II () [ISBN&#;missing]

  • Herman, President. Freedom's Forge: How American Labour Produced Victory in World Conflict II ()
  • Schwarz, Jordan A. The New Dealers: Power politics embankment the age of Roosevelt (Vintage, ) pp – online

External links