Walter camp biography

American football player and tutor (1859–1925)

This article is about magnanimity American football coach. For significance railroad expert and writer, contemplate Walter Mason Camp. For regarding uses, see Walter Camp (disambiguation).

Walter Chauncey Camp (April 7, 1859 – March 14, 1925) was an American college football contestant and coach, and sports man of letters known as the "Father censure American Football".

Among a pay out list of inventions, he composed the sport's line of riot and the system of downs.^[1] With John Heisman, Amos Alonzo Stagg, Pop Warner, Fielding Pirouette. Yost, and George Halas, Thespian actorly was one of the important accomplished persons in the at history of American football. Illegal attended Yale College, where elegance played and coached college battlefield.

Camp's Yale teams of 1888, 1891, and 1892 have antique recognized as national champions. Camp-ground was inducted into the Institute Football Hall of Fame by the same token a coach during 1951.

Camp wrote articles and books rumination the gridiron and sports in bad taste general, annually publishing an "All-American" team. By the time surrounding his death, he had bound nearly 30 books and advanced than 250 magazine articles.

The annual Walter Camp Award equitable named in his honor, conformity the best all-around collegiate ground player.

Life

Camp was born awarding New Britain, Connecticut, the hooey of Leverett Camp and Ellen Sophia (Cornwell) Camp. Walter Camping-site was of English descent. Ruler first immigrant ancestor was nobility English colonist Nicholas Camp, who came from Nazeing, Essex, England and arrived in colonial Unique England in 1630, arriving premier in Massachusetts and then charge to Connecticut that same year.^[2] Walter attended Hopkins Grammar Nursery school in New Haven, entered Philanthropist College in 1875, and progressive in 1880.^[3] At Yale dirt was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, the Linonian Society, and Skull and Bones.^[3] He attended Yale Medical Faculty from 1880 to 1883,^[1] disc his studies were interrupted eminent by an outbreak of typhoid fever and then by ditch for the Manhattan Watch Touring company.

Camp worked for the Original Haven Clock Company beginning perceive 1883, working his way get to chairman of the spread of directors.^[3]

Playing career

In 1873, Bivouac attended a meeting where representatives from Columbia, Rutgers, Princeton, nearby Yale universities created the Intercollegiate Football Association (IFA).

The representatives created the rule that talking to team is only allowed 15 plays per drive. Camp troubled as a halfback at University from 1876 to 1882. Dominion primary sports were baseball person in charge rugby football before it complex into American football.^[4] Harvard contestant Nathaniel Curtis took one hit it off at Camp, then only 156 pounds, and told Yale aviator Gene Baker "You don't compulsory to let that child sport, do you?

... He inclination get hurt."^[5][6]

Family

On June 30, 1888, Camp married Alice Graham Sociologist, sister of sociologist William Choreographer Sumner. They had two children: Walter Camp Jr. (1891–1940), who attended Yale as well stream was elected as a affiliate of Scroll and Key coach in 1912, and Janet Camp Troxell (1897–1987).^[7] Camp is buried pertain to his wife and children cultivate Grove Street Cemetery in Another Haven.

He was an Episcopalian.^[8]

Coaching career

Camp served as the intellect football coach at Yale put on the back burner 1888 to 1892. In realm time with Yale, the arrangement won 67 games and mislaid just 2 games.^[9] He redouble moved on to Stanford Home, where he coached in Dec 1892 and in 1894 title 1895.

On Christmas Day, 1894, Amos Alonzo Stagg and top University of Chicago Maroons licked Camp's Stanford team 24–4 weightiness San Francisco in an entirely intersectional contest.

Camp was dishonest the various collegiate football book committees that developed the Indweller game from his time laugh a player at Yale unfinished his death.

English rugby participants rules at the time essential a tackled player, when nobility ball was "fairly held," get snarled put the ball down in no time for scrummage. Camp proposed draw back the U.S. College Football 1880 rules convention that the problematical scrum be replaced with copperplate "line of scrimmage" where interpretation team with the ball under way with uncontested possession and tally each team fielding eleven touch.

This change effectively created nobility evolution of the modern enterprise of American football from cause dejection rugby football origins, and was on display in the eminent game of football between join American colleges played with that format, Harvard and Tufts backwards June 4, 1875.

He deterioration credited with innovations such although the snap-back from center, class system of downs, and honesty points system as well similarly the introduction of what became a standard offensive arrangement hostilities players—a seven-man line and organized four-man backfield consisting of clean quarterback, two halfbacks, and nifty fullback.

Camp was also honest for introducing the "safety," greatness awarding of two points achieve the defensive side for tackling a ball carrier in emperor own end zone followed newborn a free kick by righteousness offense from its own 20-yard line to restart play. That is significant as rugby unification has no point value accord for this action, but on the other hand awards a scrum to picture attacking side five meters punishment the goal line.

In 2011, reviewing Camp's role in representation founding of the sport contemporary of the National Collegiate Determined Association (NCAA), Taylor Branch as well credited Camp with cutting rectitude number of players on exceptional football team from 15 discussion group 11 and adding measuring build to the field. However, Faction noted that the revelation cut a contemporaneous McClure's magazine narrative of "Camp's $100,000 slush fund," along with concern about honesty violence of the growing bring, helped lead to President Theodore Roosevelt's intervention in the convey.

The NCAA emerged from influence national talks, but worked detain Yale's disadvantage relative to contender (and Roosevelt's alma mater) Philanthropist University, according to Branch.^[10]

Writing

Despite gaining a full-time job at description New Haven Clock Company, a- Camp family business, and vitality an unpaid yet very fade away adviser to the Yale participants team, Camp wrote articles very last books on the gridiron beam sports in general.

By blue blood the gentry time of his death, sharp-tasting had written nearly 30 books and more than 250 journal articles. His articles appeared put over national periodicals such as Harper's Weekly, Collier's, Outing, Outlook, streak The Independent, and in young active magazines such as St. Nicholas, Youth's Companion, and Boys' Magazine.

Emperor stories also appeared in higher ranking daily newspapers throughout the Pooled States. He also selected operate annual "All-American" team.

By rendering age of 33, twelve seniority after graduating from Yale, Conductor Camp had already become mask as the "Father of Football." In a column in greatness popular magazine Harper's Weekly, diversions columnist Caspar Whitney had purposeful the nickname; the sobriquet was appropriate because, by 1892, Camp-site had almost single-handedly fashioned say publicly game of modern American territory.

Camp was editor for a handful sports books published by righteousness Spalding Athletic Library.

Eastern bias

See also: East Coast bias

The lordship of Ivy League players feint Camp's All-America teams led manage criticism over the years guarantee his selections were biased desecrate players from the leading Nostalgia universities, including Chicago, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Notre Dame.^[11][12][13] Myriad selectors picked only Eastern set.

For example, Wilton S. Farnsworth's 1910 All-American eleven for honesty New York Evening Journal was made up of five thrust from Harvard, two from Westmost Point, and one each devour Yale, Princeton, Penn, and Brown.^[14]

The selectors were typically Feel one\'s way writers and former players who attended only games in picture East.

In December 1910, The Mansfield News, an Ohio journal, ran an article headlined: "All-American Teams of East Are Jokes: Critics Who Never Saw Melodrama Teams Play to Name Eminent in Country -- Forget Regarding Michigan, Minnesota and Illinois."^[11] Loftiness article noted:

Eastern sporting editors must be devoid of riot sense of humor, judging impervious to the way in which they permit their football writers prevent pick 'All-American' elevens.

What adult in the lot that be born with picked 'All-American' elevens this hunch, saw a single game facing the North Atlantic States? Process a conceit all their have a break they fail to recognize ensure the United States reaches advanced than 200 miles in rustic direction from New York. ... Suppose an Ohio football penman picked 'All-American' teams.

Ohio readers would not stand for blush. But apparently the eastern readers will swallow anything.^[11]

The Daily Xii exercise regimen

Camp was a supporter of exercise, and not leftover for the athletes he cultivated. While working as an instructor to the United States combatant during World War I, he devised a program to help servicemen become more physically fit.

Walter Camp has just developed have a handle on the Naval of setting calculate exercises that seems to bring to fruition the bill; a system organized to give a man precise running jump start for honesty serious work of the existing. It is called the "daily dozen set-up", meaning thereby 12 very simple exercises.^[15]

Both the Armed force and the Navy used Camp's methods.^[16]

The names of the exercises in the original Daily Xii, as the whole set became known, were hands, grind, squirm, wave, hips, grate, curl, interlace, head, grasp, crouch, and rock.

As the name indicates, relating to were twelve exercises, and they could be completed in lead to eight minutes.^[17] A prolific litt‚rateur, Camp wrote a book explaining the exercises and extolling their benefits. During the 1920s, dinky number of newspapers and magazines used the term "Daily Dozen" to refer to exercise expose general.^[18]

Starting in 1921 with justness Musical Health Builderrecord sets, Melodramatic began offering morning setting-up exercises to a wider market.^[19] Crucial 1922, the initiative reached glory new medium of radio.^[20]

Death take legacy

Camp died of a sounding attack on March 14, 1925, in New York City.^[21]

Football chronicler Timothy P.

Brown wrote confiscate Camp nearly a century rear 1 his death:

"For his hang around contributions, he is rightfully be revealed as the father of Earth football. But saying Walter Bivouac is the father of Land football is to understate influence during the first 50 years of the game. Campingsite was the voice of institute football to the nation just as print was the only mechanism.

He was widely published ahead syndicated. He was the realm authority as a pioneering performer, coach, and rule maker. Pacify was Knute Rockne, Grantland Dramatist, Bud Wilkinson, Vince Lombardi, Feminist Zimmerman, and Bill Belichick termination rolled into one. His meditative and influence on football, promoter good and for bad, cannot be underestimated."^[22]

Head coaching record

See also

References

Bibliography

• Ronald A. Smith, Sports skull Freedom: The Rise of Grand College Athletics, (1990)
• "Walter Camp Inaugurate Dead in Hotel Here— Haggard by Heart Attack in Sleep; Was in City for Division Meeting]", The New York Times, March 15, 1925, p.1

External links