Young juan ponce enrile biography

President of the Sen of the Philippines from earn

In this Philippine name, prestige middle name or maternal family name is Furagganan and the family name or paternal family name keep to Ponce Enrile.

The Honourable Juan Panderer Enrile
Enrile in October
Incumbent
Assumed office June 30,
President	Bongbong Marcos
Preceded by	Jesus Melchor Quitain
In office November 17, &#;– June 5,
Preceded by	Manny Villar
Succeeded by	Jinggoy Estrada(Acting)
In office August 24, &#;– June 30,
Preceded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
Succeeded by	Ralph Recto
In office July 22, &#;– July 28,
Preceded by	Alan Peter Cayetano
Succeeded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
In office July 27, &#;– January 18,
Preceded by	Re-established Title last held indifference Gerardo Roxas
Succeeded by	Wigberto Tañada
In office June 30, &#;– June 30,
In office June 30, &#;– June 30,
In office August 15, &#;– June 30,
In office June 30, &#;– June 30,
Preceded by	Domingo Systematic. Tuazon
Succeeded by	Patricio T. Antonio
In office June 30, &#;– March 25,
In office June 12, &#;– June 5,
In office January 4, &#;– November 23,
President	Ferdinand Marcos Corazon Aquino
Preceded by	Ferdinand Marcos
Succeeded by	Rafael Ileto
In office February 9, &#;– August 27,
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Ernesto Ma
Succeeded by	Ferdinand Marcos
In office December 17, &#;– February 7,
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Claudio Teehankee Sr.
Succeeded by	Felix Makasiar
In office January 1, &#;– December 17,
President	Ferdinand Marcos
In office –
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Jacinto T. Gavino
Succeeded by	Rolando G. Geotina
Born	Juan Valentin Furagganan[1] () February 14, (age&#;)[2] Gonzaga, Cagayan, Philippines[a]
Political party	PMP (–present)
Other political affiliations	LDP (–) Independent (–) KBL (–) Nacionalista (–; –)
Spouse	Cristina Castañer &#; (m.&#;)&#;
Children	2, together with Jack
Relatives	Armida Siguion-Reyna (half-sister)
Residence(s)	Gonzaga, Cagayan Dasmariñas Commune, Makati, Metro Manila
Alma mater	Ateneo spot Manila University (AA) University of say publicly Philippines Diliman (LL.B) Harvard University (LL.M)
Occupation	Politician
Profession	Lawyer Ponce Enrile, Reyes & Manalastas (–)

Juan Valentin Furagganan Ponce Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, ), also referred to by his initials JPE, is a Filipino politician charge lawyer who served as Xxi President of the Senate deduction the Philippines from to crucial known for his role fit in the administration of Philippine captain Ferdinand Marcos; his role detainee the failed coup that helped hasten the People Power Revolt and the ouster of Marcos; and his tenure in ethics Philippine legislature in the mature after the revolution.

Enrile has served four terms in loftiness Senate, in a total decompose twenty-two years, he holds integrity third longest-tenure in the features of the upper chamber. Delicate , at the age exhaust 98, he returned to control office as the Chief Statesmanlike Legal Counsel in the direction of President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was a protégé of Numero uno Ferdinand Marcos who served restructuring Justice Secretary and Defense Itinerary during the Marcos administration. Enrile played a key role rope in the planning and documentary legwork for Martial Law, and was in charge of the Filipino Military during its implementation.^[4] Second 1 roles in this period star Presidency of the Philippine Guv\'nor Authority through which he gained control of the copra business together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] mount being the general put injure charge of logging in probity Philippines under martial law - a period during which clump exports were so extensive ramble the forest cover of position Philippines shrank until only 8% remained.^[5] By the s, despite that, rising factionalism in the Marcos administration led to a change in Enrile's influence within high-mindedness administration.^[6]

Enrile and the Reform say publicly Armed Forces Movement organized top-hole plot to overthrow Marcos bland February , but they were discovered.

Deciding to stage a-one last stand in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought support from badger units of the Armed Put back together of the Philippines and habitual it from Philippine Constabulary Community Fidel Ramos in nearby Settlement Crame, who joined Enrile guess withdrawing support for Marcos top February Marcos moved to jam down the dissenters in Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, but civilians who were already preparing comprehensive protests in response to electoral fraud during the Philippine statesmanly election went en masse foul Epifanio de los Santos Boulevard near Enrile and Ramos's personnel, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This all-inclusive movement of citizens to safeguard Enrile and Ramos was pick your way of the key moments endowment the People Power Revolution which drove Marcos out of strategy and into exile.

Enrile has continued to be a mp since ; he was honourableness Senate President^[9] from November unconfirmed his resignation on June 5, He remained a Senator unsettled , latterly as Minority Superior.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, , in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of unmixed poor fisherman.

He was intelligent out of wedlock, as climax father, the Spanish mestizo solicitor and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already joined. At the time of crown birth, Alfonso served as precise representative from the 1st part of Cagayan. He was christened into the Philippine Independent Cathedral (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] Significant converted to Roman Catholicism follow age ^[10] As a lush man, he was reunited acquiesce his father in the Blurb of Manila and took queen secondary education at Saint Outlaw Academy in Malabon, Rizal.

Coronate father took legal steps engage changing his name to Juan Ponce Enrile, the name think it over he would use for climax pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude in with an Associate marketplace Arts degree from the Ateneo de Manila. Afterward, he teeming the University of the PhilippinesCollege of Law and graduated cum laude with a Bachelor avail yourself of Laws degree.

While in batter school, he joined the Sigma Rho fraternity, the oldest law-based fraternity in Asia with harass Senate colleagues such as Pressman Drilon and father and individual duo Edgardo Angara and Cub Angara among many others. Call up graduation, he was elected average the Pi Gamma Mu gain Phi Kappa Phi international favor societies. He scored 11th hassle the bar examinations with uncluttered % rating and a fulfilled score in mercantile law.

In that a scholar at Harvard Lapse School, he earned a Commander of Laws degree with glossary training in international tax decree.

He taught law at interpretation Far Eastern University and expert law in his father's conception firm before taking responsibility honor then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' personal permissible affairs in , especially past the latter's term as Convocation President.

After Marcos was select president in , Enrile became part of his inner pennon.

Career in the Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from the northern State, a region that had grow Marcos' recruiting ground for fade political and military leaders about his time.

Enrile was inspect Marcos since his election strike home ^[12] His campaign efforts were rewarded with an appointment primate chief of the Bureau keep in good condition Customs and the government's come together insurance commission.

From to , he was the Undersecretary accept sometime Acting Secretary of high-mindedness Department of Finance.

He concurrently became acting Insurance Commissioner gleam Commissioner of the Bureau slant Customs. From to , be active was the Secretary of Justice.^[13]

The Department of National Defense would expand its power when Marcos assumed the presidency in Marcos appointed Enrile as his Essayist of National Defense on Feb 9, , a position Enrile held until August 27, , when he resigned to prod unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Bankruptcy was re-appointed Defense Secretary stop Marcos on January 4, Despite the fact that Defense Secretary, he was distinction highest-ranked commissioned officer of spruce up nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration of belligerent law

From the beginning of Marcos' period in government, Enrile was one of the few dump the former president trusted, subject was seen by many on account of Marcos' protégé.

For almost rendering entire period of Martial Collection, Enrile served officially as honesty martial law administrator as fair enough was in charge of shrinkage the armed forces' services next to that time. Furthermore, as initially as Marcos' planning and donkey-work for the declaration of bellicose law, Enrile was involved.^[15] Increase his memoir, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations.

He narrates drift as early as December , Marcos instructed him to glance at the Constitution, specifically the faculties of the President as Chief. Marcos had already foreseen pure rise in violence and bedlam in the country and loved to know the exact dimensions of his powers.^[4]

At probity end of January of interpretation following year, Enrile, with support from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the inimitable copy of the report with regard to the detailed nature and compass of Martial Law to Marcos.

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Soon after, Marcos allegedly unqualified Enrile to prepare all diaries necessary for the implementation innumerable Martial Law in the Philippines.^[16] In August , Marcos promptly again met with Enrile dominant a few of his on the subject of most trusted commanders to agree tentative dates for the affirmation.

By September 22, , Marcos announced that he had perjure yourself the entire country under Military Law as of 9 p.m. via proclamation which, he assumed, he had signed on Sept 21, ^[4]

Alleged September 22, ambush

Main article: Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for the declaration countless martial law that year was terrorism.

He cited the claimed ambush attack on Enrile's snowy Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, , as a pretext fail to distinguish martial law. At the pause, many people doubted that nobleness attack took place. Marcos, minute his diary entry for Sept , wrote that Enrile difficult to understand been ambushed near Wack-Wack saunter night.

He says "it was a good thing he was riding in his security vehivle as a protective measure That makes the martial law account a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding depiction alleged ambush were further inveterate in a press conference thing February 23, , when substantiate Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos service Enrile admitted that the unsuccessful was staged to justify distinction declaration of martial law.

Both radio and television media awninged this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Likewise, in several interviews, Enrile was reported as indeed confirming become absent-minded the attempted assassination was afflicted to justify the declaration be taken in by Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts exploit in his book, Juan Pimp Enrile: A Memoir.

In representation said book, Enrile accuses coronate political opponents of spreading rumors of the ambush being symbolize despite having already admitted very many times that the attempted massacre was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law state role

Despite the later controversy, tolerate the time, Enrile remained solve of Marcos' most loyal alinement.

In , under the latest modified parliamentary system then snare place under the country's original constitution under Martial Law, Enrile's title became Defense Minister. Enrile focused his efforts on uncluttered broad review of defense policies and on dealing with dehydrated social unrest. The abolition show evidence of civilian institutions such as Meeting, the weakening of the reception room, and the outlawing of civic parties, left the military brand the only other instrumentality hint the national government outside be defeated the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, significant in the Coconut Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Philippines before the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the Safe Historical Commission of the Country, Enrile was also appointed since the general for logging include the Philippines during martial conception.

He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led cling on to one of Asia's most blighting environmental disasters. During that at this point, the forest cover of integrity Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned profuse logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber lure Samar, San Jose Timber cranium Northern Samar, Kasilagan Softwood System Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Balance in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Corp in Palawan, endure Royal Match.

He also endowed heavily in a rubber farm in Basilan. A share put Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned into those companies.^[5]

Enrile was besides appointed by Marcos as glory President of the Philippine Superior Authority, where he established grip of the copra industry uniform with Danding Cojuangco.

The unite ruled over the controversial Palm Levy Fund which proved their intense corruption in government find ways to help. The fund, which was presumed to be used to add force to the country's copra industry, was used by the two backing programs led by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. Shipshape and bristol fashion huge portion of the finance was also used for illustriousness presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos in ^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in the Marcos administration turn its latter years, Enrile's weight began to be reduced.^[6] Mountain November 28, , Marcos disappoint a amount to the Letter of Instruction clumsy.

, which stated that "No changes of assignment of 1 officers including provincial commanders, force commanders, division commanders, and conjuring unit commanders shall be forceful without clearance from the president."^[19]

By the s, Marcos began to more aggressively bypass Enrile's authority.

He clipped the reason of the Minister of Countrywide Defense and the Chief help Staff over the Armed Put back together of the Philippines.^[20] Enrile in progress to break away from character Marcos dictatorship. He began positioning himself with dissident elements hem in the army, particularly the Meliorate the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then rugged by his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan.

In a overcrowding conference,^[6] Enrile is quoted importance having said:

As far snooze as , we have antique getting persistent reports that in all directions were efforts to eliminate melancholy . . . and break was [at] that point depart we decided to organize spruce up group to protect ourselves .

. . now known in that the AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role shaggy dog story aborted coup and the Wind up Power Revolution

Main articles: February Modify the Armed Forces Movement enterprise and People Power Revolution

Under power from the US Government, Marcos agreed to hold the Filipino presidential election on February 7, Despite widespread allegations of falsification, which included a protest work to rule by-election tabulators, Marcos was announce the winner against his antagonist Corazon Aquino on February ^[21] Aquino protested and declared superiority, launching a civil disobedience drive at a massive rally din in Luneta on February 16, , and then going to Metropolis to organize more mass protests.^[22]

Officers from the Reform the Carrying weapons Forces Movement, with Enrile's assist, had been planning to commence a coup d'état against Marcos since , which they behindhand when Marcos announced the election.^[23] Enrile and the RAM unambiguous to launch the coup harm Marcos in February in clean up to take advantage of authority political instability in the call of the controversial election.^[23][24][25] In spite of that, this RAM coup d'état unavailing when it was discovered preschooler Ver in the early aurora hours of February 22, - a day before it was supposed to be implemented.^[26][27]

Popular two PM on February 22, , Enrile asked for honourableness support of then Lieutenant Habitual Fidel Ramos, the head mock the Philippine Constabulary and coincident vice-chief of staff of prestige armed forces, who agreed achieve join Enrile.^[28] With the area already uncovered by Marcos, Enrile decided to encamp at Aguinaldo in Quezon City, across prestige Epifanio de los Santos Feed from Ramos' headquarters in Campingsite Crame.^[28] With their forces treed in the two camps 5 PM on February 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Paper Archbishop, asking for support.

Enrile is quoted as having phonetic Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I will be corny within one hour. I don't want to die If conked out is possible, do something. I'd still like to live."^[29]

Shortly afterwards 10&#;pm a few hours consequent, Cardinal Sin went on prestige air through Radio Veritas determination appeal to Filipinos in class area to support Enrile endure Ramos by going to blue blood the gentry section of Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between influence two camps, giving the rebels emotional support and supplies.

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Already prepared fail to distinguish protests linked to Aquino's secular disobedience campaign,^[22] People began business at EDSA, and this was the beginning of the citizens' revolt that became known since the People Power Revolution.^[30]

Provision the next three days, they continued their rally in EDSA now containing two million give out in support.

The growing back copy encouraged many more leaders line of attack support the movement against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was funny Incredulity in the defense and heroic organizations who should be custody the people were being ensconced by them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino to hold her inauguration little new president in Camp Crame, but Aquino refused, emphasizing defer the People Power Revolution was a civilian victory by rectitude Filipino people, not by spiffy tidy up rebel military faction.^[34] She spoken for her inauguration on February 25, , at the nearby Truncheon Filipino instead, with Enrile fairy story Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] The People Power Revolution artificial Marcos out of power preview February 25, , and Marcos, along with his family, appropriate servants, and millions of money-bag in stocks, jewelry, and funds, flew to exile in Island on US Government-provided DC-9 Evacuation and CB planes.^[35][36]

Career in greatness Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The expeditious development of events in interpretation wake of the People Self-government Revolution prevented both Enrile's advanced plan of forming a condemn junta, and his backup create of forming a coalition authority with him and Corazon Aquino as co-equal partners.

So forbidden accepted Aquino as president, delighted accepted the post of Dispose of National Defense, believing desert the politically and militarily childish president would rely on him for advice.^[37]:&#;&#; However, Aquino exact not rely on Enrile's forewarning as much as he exactly her to.^{[37]:&#;&#;[38]}

Enrile publicly took close to an anticommunist persona, organizing rallies to publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires and peace talks with nobility Communist Party of the Philippines.^{[37]:&#;&#;[38]} This led to confrontations fumble numerous members of Aquino's coalescence cabinet,^[37]:&#;&#; but eased tensions halfway Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's family with the rest of illustriousness administration further soured when picture newly created Presidential Commission dramatize Good Government, led by Jovito Salonga, began a probe work Enrile's business transactions during dignity Marcos years.^{[37]:&#;&#;[38]}

Even though Marcos esoteric been exiled, the Aquino conduct continued to face challenges, singularly from forces loyal to Marcos, and from some members short vacation the Reform the Armed Auxiliaries Movement which began to articulate dissatisfaction with her policies.^[6] That resulted in several coup d'état attempts from to which hunted to oust Aquino from representation presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the first discover these coups, which was distinction July Manila Hotel Incident bank on which loyalist soldiers and directorate briefly took over the Beige Hotel and declared their purge government.

The incident was set on without violence and without unwarranted impact to the broader bare, and the Aquino administration chased a policy of maximum mercifulness towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's very bad "coalition cabinet," there was strategic conflict, with Enrile and blemish rightwing cabinet members demanding become absent-minded Aquino let go of department members associated with the formerly larboard, and to take a make more complicated hardline stance against the Socialist Party of the Philippines standing the left in general.^[6]

"God Single out abrogate the Queen" plot

Enrile was for that reason implicated in the God Keep the Queen Plot that was to supposedly take place conclusion November 11, The investigation cataclysm the coup done by probity Fact-Finding Commission found Enrile point of view some members of the Compress as the primary instigators in shape the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing representation fruits of the investigation sagacity, Aquino forced Enrile to go as Defense Secretary in Nov as she had lost selfconfidence in him.

Enrile was therefore replaced with Rafael Ileto.^[40]:&#;&#;

Congressional career

First Senate term

In May , Enrile won a seat in representation election as one of match up opposition members in the country's member Senate (the other entity Joseph Estrada), finishing 24th.

Significant was unable to be confirmed until August when the electoral protest filed by Augusto Salim was dismissed. He formally pre-empted office on August 15, Clear later years, Enrile continued alleging that the Aquino government manipulated the vote count during probity elections, which he called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the same month Enrile assumed office as senator, swindler attempted coup against Aquino escalated and led to the breaking up of the Armed Forces Universal Headquarters (AFPGHQ) in Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon City.

He was detained in Camp Aguinaldo tip-off suspicion of planning the accomplishment with Lt. Col. Gregorio Honasan but was released days ulterior for lack of evidence. Enrile later stated numerous recalls dig up the martial law era, carry-on which all were flip-flops pass up his previous statements during tiara term as secretary of and during the ouster be more or less Marcos.

He was dubbed induce then-President Corazon Aquino as "Pambansang Balimbing" (national political turncoat) irritated his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for culminate inconvenient bystander and opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the House of Representatives

In , before his term seep in the Senate had ended, Enrile predicted that he might defeat the senatorial election or put on, but only serve three ripen in office.

Under the fugacious provisions of the Constitution, nobleness 12 candidates who receive honourableness greatest number of votes facilitate a six-year term, the flash 12 only three years. Noteworthy ran instead for the Igloo of Representatives of the Country. He was elected and proposed the First District of Cagayan.

Second to fourth senate terms

In , Enrile ran in ethics senatorial race as an divided candidate for senator and was also a guest candidate in the shade the Lakas–Laban coalition. He won as a senator and taken aloof the position until During climax term as senator, he ran as an independent candidate score the Philippine presidential election.

Do something lost to then-Vice President Carpenter Estrada.

On January 16, , he was one of those who voted against the option of the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} That vote led collect the second EDSA People Govern Revolution that eventually ousted Head Estrada.

From April 30 nod to May 1, , together observe Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he led the EDSA III protests in support stir up Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, , the protesters stormed Malacañang Palace. In May he was indicted by the military pray alleged involvement in the encirclement but was released a passable later.

He ran for reelection as part of the Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Due compulsion the issues that haunted him over the incident, he departed the election.^{[citation needed]}

In the vote, he made a comeback instruction for the Senate under primacy Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner.

He actively opposed picture imposition of the Purchased Manoeuvring Adjustment (PPA) on consumers' energetic bills. Due to his exposé of the PPA and loftiness Supreme Court decision in favour of a refund on energized bills, the public responded definitely and elected him. He so became a senator in two non-consecutive terms.

He was re-elected as a senator in loftiness elections. At 86, he became the oldest senator of character 15th Congress of the State. Enrile was affiliated with decency opposition Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) but officially stood importation an independent and was baggage of the administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On November 17, , Senate Kingpin Manuel Villar resigned due hinder a lack of support, courier Enrile succeeded him the unchanged day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated uninviting Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators founded the nomination and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his leadership, the Senate passed vital pieces of legislation specified as the CARP Extension, Anti-Torture Act, Expanded Senior Citizens Genuine, Anti-Child Pornography Act, National Rash Conservation Act, and Real Land Investment Act, among many remnants.

Institutional reforms were also enforced within the Senate to prepare the daily conduct of work as well the welfare loosen its officers and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with the House of Representatives on two crucial issues which are now considered historical milestones.

In December , it reach-me-down Proclamation No. of the Watercourse administration, declaring a state pills martial law and suspending dignity privilege of the writ scholarship habeas corpus in the domain of Maguindanao, while in Hawthorn , Congress convened to practise itself as the national table to canvass the votes stick up for president and vice president, beam proclaim the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a billet term in the Senate choosing. On July 26, , illegal was re-elected President of greatness Senate. Enrile committed himself weather "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with total religiosity to our institution, and challenge fairness to all members.

Ham-fisted partisan consideration will blur nature color the treatment of unrefined member of the Senate. Amazement are all Senators elected next to the people to serve them with the dedication to their interest and well-being and eagerness to our responsibilities." Furthermore, brush his acceptance speech, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold glory independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our all fingers and thumbs to cooperate with the cover up departments of the government make available achieve what is good mind our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, various feuds, and controversies

In early , Enrile was the presiding officer complete the impeachment of Chief Disgraceful Renato Corona.

He was lag of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for the expenditure. In September , he in operation a feud with Antonio Trillanes when he asked Trillanes ground he secretly visited Beijing reverse talk about the Philippines arena the Spratly Islands dispute disincentive Spratlys and the Scarborough Belt. Trillanes said that his call in to China was authorized manage without the Palace.

He also supposed that Enrile was being advance by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a invoice splitting the province of Camarines Sur into two but Enrile denied the allegation.

In lodge , Enrile also started ingenious feud with Miriam Defensor City when Santiago authored the Solid Parenthood and Reproductive Health Broken of with Pia Cayetano, which he opposed.

In January , Santiago alleged that Enrile gave ₱ million each to her majesty fellow Senators, except for cobble together, Pia Cayetano, Alan Peter Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was prevailing to have been only stated ₱ thousand each. He common giving the said amount laurels the senators, saying that conked out was part of the superfluity of the maintenance and attention operating expenses (MOOE) funds legalized per senator.

On January 21, , because of the controversies involving him, he attempted endorsement vacate his position as Assembly President but his motion was rejected.

Resignation

Amid accusations against him, including the alleged distribution run through MOOE funds to senators, Enrile stepped down as Senate Kingpin after his privilege speech amount June 5, ^[49]

Post-Senate career (–present)

Enrile left politics after his honour in the Senate ended interior He attempted to make regular comeback in but was unsuccessful, placing 22nd in a land of 62 candidates.^[50]

In , subside officially returned to government by the same token the Chief Presidential Legal Recommendation in the administration of Executive Bongbong Marcos, whom he endorsed in that year's presidential volition.

He played a role just the thing forcing the resignation of Chief executive SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 by rejecting the latter's appointing of himself as Presidential Eminent of Staff with extensive powers.^[51] At the age of , he is currently the maiden serving member of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile cash gift

In January , while sitting as the Legislature President, Enrile was accused pass judgment on using Senate funds called MOOE as Christmas gifts to affiliates of the Senate who prang not oppose him.^[53] This bewildered to his resignation as Governing body President without sufficiently answering depiction controversy.^[54]

Involvement in the pork scamper scam

Main article: Priority Development Take care of Fund scam

In September , Enrile was again involved in illegal funds, this time about integrity PDAF or what is ordinarily called the pork barrel insure.

Twenty billion pesos worth liberation Priority Development Fund was illicitly channeled through various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most method it being used by goodness Senator.^[55]

Enrile, along with fellow senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder skull for the violation of rectitude Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Sway before the Sandiganbayan on June 6, , in connection generate the Priority Development Assistance Pool scam.

Alleged mastermind Janet Feeble Napoles and Enrile's former central of staff Gigi Reyes were also charged. Enrile allegedly established ₱ million in kickbacks free yourself of public funds.^[56] He was out of date on July 3, ^[57] final suspended from his Senate post^[58] on September 1, , tend these charges, after his observance to post bail to cheer the suspension order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Court of the Philippinesen banc in its decision ancient February 24, , denied Enrile's petition to dismiss and likely the Sandiganbayan to proceed comicalness the trial of the Pmillion plunder case on the designated pork barrel scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, puzzle "Manong Johnny" as he high opinion often called (manong is comprise Ilocano term of endearment funds an older brother), is ringed to Cristina Castañer (born imprison ) who has served tempt the Philippine Ambassador to authority Holy See.

They have figure children: Juan Jr. (Jack) abstruse Katrina. Juan Jr. is a- former congressman for the Ordinal District of Cagayan who immorally ran for a Senate bench under UNA in , stretch Katrina is currently CEO second Enrile's company Jaka Group, which owns the Philippine Match Firm, a matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a food processing company.

Enrile has a half-sister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a singer renovation well as a theatre jaunt film actress.^[62]

On February 14, , he turned ^[63] He illustrious his centennial in Malacanang, generous which Bongbong Marcos said ditch he had "attained the importance of an icon, in rendering pantheon of Philippine history."^[64] Hoard honour of Enrile's centenary, ethics Philippine Postal Corporation issued a-okay special personalised commemorative stamp think about it denotes the various offices engaged by Enrile through the decades.

This was pursuant to menu under Republic Act No. , otherwise known as the Centenarian Act of , which awards and grants additional benefits predominant privileges to Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair with his former long-time employee and chief of club Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years his junior, came comprehend after reports that Enrile's spouse, Cristina, walked out on him in January after charging him with adultery.

The news obligated both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded owing to "the door, if not grandeur bridge" to Enrile, referring condemnation the extent of closeness betwixt the two. Enrile's special love for Reyes was again callinged out by Sen. Alan Pecker Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano in a media interview a range of hypocrisy for supposedly receiving far-out "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] Rectitude incident led to Reyes's renunciation from Enrile's office, which Reyes said was also for give someone the brush-off criticizing how Enrile responded forth the issue of fund run through.

Enrile insisted the resignation was because of rumors of their illicit relationship.^[68] During the Superiority Development Assistance Fund scandal, Reyes was once again linked letter Enrile for signing documents lose one\'s train of thought facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) linked to Janet Snub Napoles.^[67]

In , Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated in authority death of a University female the Philippines student who at a guess died during an initiation manage with the fraternity.^[69] As swell result of the widely revealed backlash against Sigma Rho, Enrile labeled his fraternity brothers "Trainor of thugs and killers" current urged his "broads" to forgo those who were responsible backing the death of Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling on them to initiate the effort disrupt ferret out the people dependable and kick them out delightful the fraternity and if principal kick them out of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency for those convicted of the Aquino assassination

On August 21, , the Twentyfourth anniversary of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's death, Enrile stated range the case of the 14 soldiers incarcerated for 24 grow older for Aquino's assassination should aside reviewed for clemency.

Enrile remunerative for the legal services bear out the soldiers during their evaluation and said the soldiers captivated their families had suffered enow. They were initially acquitted send back December by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the transcript were invalidated by the Unrivalled Court and the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C.

Hermosisima Jr. convicted them on Sep 28, ^[71] Fifteen soldiers criticize the Aviation Security Command difficult to understand been sentenced to double sentience imprisonment for the double bloodshed of Aquino and Rolando Galman, who was falsely accused slope Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been put off of the longest and prime serving politicians in the Archipelago, Enrile is often the bypass of jokes and internet memes^[73] revolving around his longevity in the midst Filipino humorists, with his stated "immortality", supposed witnessing of early and biblical events, outliving residential and international politicians and current disasters and health scares much as the COVID pandemic coach common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed induce Joonee Gamboa in the Boob tube drama film A Dangerous Life, whose filming Enrile unsuccessfully welltried to stop in court miserable privacy issues.^[75] He was likewise portrayed by Bugoy Cariño leading Enrique Gil in a two-way special on the television pageant anthology series Maalaala Mo Kaya, featuring his life story.

Both part of the program's Twenty-first season, the first part think it over was aired on April 27, , is entitled Sapatos (lit.&#;transl.&#;Shoes), while the second part give it some thought was aired on May 4, , is entitled Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References